El ocio y la satisfacción familiar en la población adolescente de la Región de Murcia

Résumé

Leisure, apart from becoming an individual space, is also a reference for a family context in which different relationships and processes arise that give value to this phenomenon. Nevertheless, family leisure is not subject to an ideal model, on the contrary it is affected by a multitude of factors, for which reason, we try to dedicate a special attention to these practices to avoid falling back on those threats and to focus the attention on the benefits that can be obtained. Its growing importance is evident in the policies developed and the scientific context, although progress is insufficient to gather evidence in family practice. In order to be able to contribute with findings on the state of family leisure of adolescents, this work is defined by two parts. In the first part, the theoretical framework, the historical relevance of leisure has been delimited, the conceptual axiology (time, free time and leisure) that leads to the concept of family leisure, the management of leisure in the family scope and its relevance and, finally, the different studies at national and international level that define the state of the matter are deepened. In the second part, the empirical framework, special attention has been paid to the knowledge of the weaknesses and strengths of family leisure, the inference of the different social agents, the profile of leisure that predominates according to the typologies of leisure, the clarification of the values and capacities that emanate from family practice and the verification of the influence it has on the experienced family satisfaction. In order to provide an answer to the proposed objectives, an ex post facto research has been elaborated with a quantitative, descriptive, non-experimental and transversal cut, for this purpose a questionnaire on family leisure was applied, of own elaboration and validated by means of experts' judgment, which was composed of 49 items, agglutinated in the following dimensions: weaknesses, strengths, typologies, agents, satisfaction, values and capacities. From the data obtained, it can be concluded that in the family leisure of the adolescents, the strengths are more emphasized than the weaknesses, although the family conflicts stand out as one of the most present threats; in the own family resides the importance of these practices being insufficient the actions from the associations, administrations or private companies; Digital, commercial and gastronomic leisure stand out as the most frequented, as opposed to spiritual and supportive leisure, which are barely present; sociability, responsibility and integrity are the values most worked on in family leisure; coexistence, communication and the expression of emotions are the most developed capacities; and family satisfaction is fostered by the strengths caused. Academic performance, age, personal characteristics of the mothers and ownership are part of the independent variables that find the most significant differences with respect to the results obtained. Therefore, in order for families to come to a consideration of this element, family leisure must be incorporated into the training plans of schools and other administrations to create quality family leisure time that exploits its full potential. In addition, functional regulations and infrastructures that are functional for family practices must be implemented so that family leisure initiatives are not conditioned by context, eliminating the extension of social bias to family leisure. In this way, an awareness of care and the search for family time is created, which is crucial for personal and family health.