Desarrollo de protocolos de enfermería escolar ante urgencias diabetológicas

Resumen

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease caused by an insulin deficiency that mainly affects children and teenagers. The treatment involves a series of specific cares that continue even during school hours. In this context, the figure of the school nurse is essential since it allows covering the health needs of the students and, in particular, assisting diabetic emergencies. The clinical guidelines are documents that define the actions to be carried out when facing a particular process and allow the standardization of nursing action criteria. Objective: The creation of school nurse clinical guidelines for facing diabetic emergencies: hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. Methods: The protocols are presented on a DIN-A4 sheet: The front page displays the theoretical approximation that justifies its development and the care plan (with a standardized language). The back page shows the operative document with the visual algorithms. Results: Two protocols have been developed to face diabetic emergencies. The first one for hypoglycemia and the second one for hyperglycemia. Conclusions: Protocols developed for diabetic emergencies in schools are a concise scientific tool that is easy to execute and brings benefits to the patient, the families, and the professional. The implementation of these protocols greatly reduces the variability of the clinical practice, standardizes assistance criteria, eases decision-making process, and improves aid quality.