Funciones pragmáticas marcadas y no marcadas

Résumé

This paper puts forward a typology of pragmatic functions which differs in some basic respects from the ones proposed so far in the Functional Grammar literature by Watters (1979), Dik et al (1981), de Jong (1981) and Dik (1989). In the first place, it is argued that a distinction between unmarked and marked pragmatic functions contributes to the typological adequacy of the theory. As regards intra-clausal pragmatic functions, four possible criteria of markedness are revised: lexical category, type of information, assignment of syntactic function and the order of clause constituents. The pragmatically-governed syntactic alignment of clause constituents that includes the syntax-phonology mapping is selected as the most accurate criterion for pragmatic function markedness. With reference to extra-clausal pragmatic functions, the marked status of the topic as theme and of the tail as focus are discussed.