Análisis multicriterio de forjados unidireccionales

Resumen

The Technical Building Code, CTE, regulates the entire building and construction sector in Spain since 2006. This set of regulations is supplemented by other standards, the Structural Concrete Code, EHE, and the Steel Structure Code, EAE, among others. The fulfillment of such regulations guarantees that buildings meet the mechanical standards for strength, stiffness and stability, along with other standards related to security, functionality, and durability. Furthermore, in the 21st century, buildings must be fire-resistant, perform well acoustically and thermally, and they should also be economical, aesthetically pleasing and sustainable. Regarding the latter factor, it is expected that in the near future, excessive CO2 emissions will constitute a significant encumbrance on building construction. This doctoral dissertation presents a multicriteria methodology for in situ unidirectional floors that aims to obtain real optimal solutions that can be implemented in floor design immediately. Thus, the principal innovation is that for each individual case the objective function minimizes the group of aforementioned variables in order to reach the most optimal solution from a comprehensive and realistic point of view. The methodology presented herein enables a qualified engineer to make specific decisions and choose the best design solution in accordance with desired performance, and keeping in mind: the price of materials, energy costs and CO2 emissions, and the building´s expected performance. The desired design variables include: typology of the structure, structural materials utilized, the stiffness of these materials, the strength performance of these structural elements in both plan and in elevation, dimensions of the sections of the elements, designing how to join these elements, and criteria for the building´s functional capacities. This methodology, while verified for the case of in situ unidirectional flooring, can be applied to any building typology.