Influence of oral hygiene in patients with fixed appliances in the oral carriage of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus isolates

  1. Poeta, P. 3
  2. Igrejas, G. 3
  3. Gonçalves, A. 3
  4. Martins, E. 2
  5. Araújo, C. 3
  6. Carvalho, C. 3
  7. Rodrigues, J. 3
  8. Vinué, L. 1
  9. López, M. 1
  10. Torres, C. 1
  1. 1 Universidad de La Rioja
    info

    Universidad de La Rioja

    Logroño, España

    ROR https://ror.org/0553yr311

  2. 2 Clinic of Dental Medicine, Mirandela, Portugal
  3. 3 Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
    info

    Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro

    Vila Real, Portugal

    ROR https://ror.org/03qc8vh97

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Revista:
Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology and

ISSN: 1079-2104

Año de publicación: 2009

Volumen: 108

Número: 4

Páginas: 557-564

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1016/J.TRIPLEO.2009.06.002 PMID: 19778742 SCOPUS: 2-s2.0-70349239519 WoS: WOS:000270084800015 GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology and

Resumen

Objectives: The aim was to study the oral carriage of Enterococcus and Escherichia coli isolates and their content in antimicrobial-resistance and virulence genes in patients with fixed appliances and in healthy volunteers. Study design: Samples from supragingival plaques/tooth surfaces/fixed orthodontic appliances were taken in patients with fixed appliances (n = 46) and in healthy volunteers (n = 55). Samples were seeded on specific media for enterococcal and E. coli recovery, and 1 isolate of each type per sample was selected. Antimicrobial susceptibility and the presence of genes encoding antimicrobial resistance, bacteriocins, and virulence factors were checked by polymerase chain reaction. Results: Enterococci or E. coli were not recovered from healthy volunteers. Nevertheless, 10 isolates (5 E. faecium, 3 E. faecalis, and 2 E. coli) were obtained from 19.5% of patients with fixed appliances, and poor oral hygiene was evidenced in all of the these patients. Percentages of antimicrobial resistance and the resistance genes detected among the enterococci were: erythromycin: 100%, erm(B); kanamycin: 75%, aph(3′)-IIIa; tetracycline: 50%, tet(L) with/without tet(M); streptomycin: 37%, ant(6)-Ia; chloramphenicol: 12%, catA. One E. coli isolate showed a phenotype of multiresistance containing 5 resistance genes and class 1 and 2 integrons. All enterococci produced gelatinase, and 4 isolates contained genes encoding enterocins L50A/B and P. The esp virulence gene was found in 1 multiresistant E. faecalis isolate. Conclusions: Poor or improper oral hygiene in individuals with fixed appliances favors the oral carriage of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli and enterococci. Additional investigations are needed to assess its implication in human health. © 2009 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.