Antibiotic resistance, virulence determinants and production of biogenic amines among enterococci from ovine, feline, canine, porcine and human milk

  1. Jiménez, E. 3
  2. Ladero, V. 4
  3. Chico, I. 3
  4. Maldonado-Barragán, A. 2
  5. López, M. 1
  6. Martín, Virginia. 35
  7. Fernández, L. 35
  8. Fernández, M. 4
  9. Álvarez, M.A. 4
  10. Torres, C. 1
  11. Rodríguez, J.M. 35
  1. 1 Universidad de La Rioja
    info

    Universidad de La Rioja

    Logroño, España

    ROR https://ror.org/0553yr311

  2. 2 Instituto de la Grasa
    info

    Instituto de la Grasa

    Sevilla, España

    ROR https://ror.org/00fkwx227

  3. 3 Universidad Complutense de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Complutense de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR 02p0gd045

  4. 4 Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias
    info

    Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias

    Villaviciosa, España

    ROR https://ror.org/00bnagp43

  5. 5 Probisearch, c/Santiago Grisolía, Tres Cantos 2., 28760, Spain
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Revista:
BMC Microbiology

ISSN: 1471-2180

Año de publicación: 2013

Volumen: 13

Número: 1

Páginas: 1-12

Tipo: Artículo

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DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-13-288 SCOPUS: 2-s2.0-84889823548 WoS: WOS:000328858200003 GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: BMC Microbiology

Repositorio institucional: lock_openAcceso abierto Editor

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Resumen

Background: Recent studies have shown that mammalian milk represents a continuous supply of commensal bacteria, including enterococci. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the presence of enterococci in milk of different species and to screen them for several genetic and phenotypic traits of clinical significance among enterococci. Results: Samples were obtained from, at least, nine porcine, canine, ovine, feline and human healthy hosts. Enterococci could be isolated, at a concentration of 1.00 × 102 -1.16 × 103 CFU/ml, from all the porcine samples and, also from 85, 50, 25 and 25% of the human, canine, feline and ovine ones, respectively. They were identified as Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus hirae, Enterococcus casseliflavus and Enterococcus durans. Among the 120 initial enterococcal isolates, 36 were selected on the basis of their different PFGE profiles and further characterized. MLST analysis revealed a wide diversity of STs among the E. faecalis and E. faecium strains, including some frequently associated to hospital infections and novel STs. All the E. faecalis strains possessed some of the potential virulence determinants (cad, ccf, cob, cpd, efaA fs, agg2, gelE, cylA, esp fs) assayed while the E. faecium ones only harboured the efaA fm gene. All the tested strains were susceptible to tigecycline, linezolid and vancomycin, and produced tyramine. Their susceptibility to the rest of the antimicrobials and their ability to produce other biogenic amines varied depending on the strain. Enterococci strains isolated from porcine samples showed the widest spectrum of antibiotic resistance. Conclusions: Enterococci isolated from milk of different mammals showed a great genetic diversity. The wide distribution of virulence genes and/or antibiotic resistance among the E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates indicates that they can constitute a reservoir of such traits and a risk to animal and human health. © 2013 Jiménez et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.