The role of distant mutations and allosteric regulation on LovD active site dynamics

  1. Jiménez-Osés, G. 2
  2. Osuna, S. 2
  3. Gao, X. 2
  4. Sawaya, M.R. 2
  5. Gilson, L. 1
  6. Collier, S.J. 1
  7. Huisman, G.W. 1
  8. Yeates, T.O. 2
  9. Tang, Y. 2
  10. Houk, K.N. 2
  1. 1 Codexis, Inc., Redwood City, CA, United States
  2. 2 University of California Los Angeles
    info

    University of California Los Angeles

    Los Ángeles, Estados Unidos

    ROR https://ror.org/046rm7j60

Revista:
Nature Chemical Biology

ISSN: 1552-4450

Año de publicación: 2014

Volumen: 10

Número: 6

Páginas: 431-436

Tipo: Artículo

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DOI: 10.1038/NCHEMBIO.1503 PMID: 24727900 SCOPUS: 2-s2.0-84901195603 WoS: WOS:000336238200009 GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Nature Chemical Biology

Resumen

Natural enzymes have evolved to perform their cellular functions under complex selective pressures, which often require their catalytic activities to be regulated by other proteins. We contrasted a natural enzyme, LovD, which acts on a protein-bound (LovF) acyl substrate, with a laboratory-generated variant that was transformed by directed evolution to accept instead a small free acyl thioester and no longer requires the acyl carrier protein. The resulting 29-mutant variant is 1,000-fold more efficient in the synthesis of the drug simvastatin than the wild-type LovD. This is to our knowledge the first nonpatent report of the enzyme currently used for the manufacture of simvastatin as well as the intermediate evolved variants. Crystal structures and microsecond-scale molecular dynamics simulations revealed the mechanism by which the laboratory-generated mutations free LovD from dependence on protein-protein interactions. Mutations markedly altered conformational dynamics of the catalytic residues, obviating the need for allosteric modulation by the acyl carrier LovF. © 2014 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.