A genetic study on table grape varieties through microsatellite analysis

Resumen

A nuclear microsatellite analysis has been done using the collection of seedless and seeded table grape cultivars available at the Finca El Encín (IMIDRA). A total of 398 accessions have been genotyped using 25 microsatellite loci. The average of alleles per locus was of 10.64 and the PI was of 1.26 x 10-21. A comparison between genotypes, and morphology when needed, has allowed defining synonyms, homonyms, sports, and mistakes among the plant material. In this study, some light has been brought to groups of varieties like 'Chasselas', 'Alphonse Lavallée', and 'Roseti'. Also a parentage analysis with table grape cultivars has been carried out using the unique genotype table, which included 309 accessions, accompanied by a thorough search in literature. In most cases, the information available about the crosses originating these cultivars was correct, particularly in seedless cultivars. Nevertheless, some cultivars like 'Cardinal' or 'Ohanes' could not arise from the crosses described or suggested in the literature, and alternative parents have been proposed. In other cases, where previous information could not be found or was incomplete, some light has been brought on the genetic origin of some cultivars; for instance, the ancestors for 'Admirable de Courtiller' or 'Calmeria' have been suggested. A mathematical analysis, in the form of likelihood ratios has been done to determine the reliability of the suggested crosses.