Characterisation of Grapevine Accessions al Germplasm Banks with RAPD and Microsatellite Markers

Resumen

A policy for genetic resources requires the correct identification of accessions preserved in the germplasm banks. In grapevines, estimation of the actual numbers of varieties available becomes difficult because of the existence of numerous denominations corresponding to synonymies and homonymies. Characterisation by means of molecular markers, of thirty nine grapevine accessions, which corresponded to a number of thinly scattered varieties in La Rioja (Spain) and to varieties of other origins, postulated as synonymies of the those varieties, constitute the object of this study. The included varieties, belonging to the collections of the germplasm banks located at Logrono (La Rioja) and El Encin (Madrid), formed five study groups. RAPD and microsatellite markers, both derived from the polymerase chain reaction, were applied to the studied accessions. The generated fingerprints by forty primers and the sizes of base pairs of alleles of four microsatellite loci were analysed. The high discriminating power of the RAPDs and microsatellites enabled the discrimination of all the varieties tested. A general concordance was obtained within polymorphisms with two types of markers, although the RAPDs also detected intravarietal variability. The validity of synonymies was established for the following varieties: Maturana and Ribadavia, Moristell and the accession of Monastel from Alcanadre (La Rioja), Concejon and the accession of Monastrell variety originating from La Rioja, as well as the accessions of Moscatel variety Moscatel Almizclero, Moscatel del Pais, Moscatep Grano Menudo, Moscatel Menudo, Moscatel Fino, Moscatel Encarnado, Moscatel de la Tierra and Jaen Colorado. Homonymies were confirmed in the Miguel de Arco, Monastel, Monastrell, Torrontes and Turruntes varieties.