European small portable rainfall simulators: A comparison of rainfall characteristics

  1. Iserloh, T. 8
  2. Ries, J.B. 8
  3. Arnáez, J. 9
  4. Boix-Fayos, C. 13
  5. Butzen, V. 8
  6. Cerdà, A. 4
  7. Echeverría, M.T. 5
  8. Fernández-Gálvez, J. 1
  9. Fister, W. 10
  10. Geißler, C. 11
  11. Gómez, José Alfonso. 6
  12. Gómez-Macpherson, H. 6
  13. Kuhn, N.J. 10
  14. Lázaro, R. 2
  15. León, F.J. 5
  16. Martínez-Mena, M. 13
  17. Martínez-Murillo, J.F. 3
  18. Marzen, M. 8
  19. Mingorance, M.D. 1
  20. Ortigosa, L. 9
  21. Peters, P. 7
  22. Regüés, D. 12
  23. Ruiz-Sinoga, J.D. 3
  24. Scholten, T. 11
  25. Seeger, M. 8
  26. Solé-Benet, A. 2
  27. Wengel, R. 8
  28. Wirtz, S. 8
  29. Mostrar todos los/as autores/as +
  1. 1 Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra
    info

    Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra

    Granada, España

    ROR https://ror.org/00v0g9w49

  2. 2 Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas
    info

    Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas

    Almería, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01hq59z49

  3. 3 Universidad de Málaga
    info

    Universidad de Málaga

    Málaga, España

    ROR https://ror.org/036b2ww28

  4. 4 Universitat de València
    info

    Universitat de València

    Valencia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/043nxc105

  5. 5 Universidad de Zaragoza
    info

    Universidad de Zaragoza

    Zaragoza, España

    ROR https://ror.org/012a91z28

  6. 6 Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible
    info

    Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible

    Córdoba, España

    ROR https://ror.org/039vw4178

  7. 7 Land Degradation and Development, Wageningen University, 6700 Wageningen, Netherlands
  8. 8 University of Trier
    info

    University of Trier

    Tréveris, Alemania

    ROR https://ror.org/02778hg05

  9. 9 Universidad de La Rioja
    info

    Universidad de La Rioja

    Logroño, España

    ROR https://ror.org/0553yr311

  10. 10 University of Basel
    info

    University of Basel

    Basilea, Suiza

    ROR https://ror.org/02s6k3f65

  11. 11 University of Tübingen
    info

    University of Tübingen

    Tubinga, Alemania

    ROR https://ror.org/03a1kwz48

  12. 12 Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología
    info

    Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología

    Zaragoza, España

    ROR https://ror.org/039ssy097

  13. 13 Centro de Edafología y Biología aplicada del Segura
    info

    Centro de Edafología y Biología aplicada del Segura

    Murcia, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01fah6g03

Revista:
Catena

ISSN: 0341-8162

Año de publicación: 2013

Volumen: 110

Páginas: 100-112

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1016/J.CATENA.2013.05.013 SCOPUS: 2-s2.0-84880847478 WoS: WOS:000323405600010 GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Catena

Resumen

Small-scale portable rainfall simulators are an essential research tool for investigating the process dynamics of soil erosion and surface hydrology. There is no standardisation of rainfall simulation and such rainfall simulators differ in design, rainfall intensities, rain spectra and research questions, which impede drawing a meaningful comparison between results. Nevertheless, these data become progressively important for soil erosion assessment and therefore, the basis for decision-makers in application-oriented erosion protection. The artificially generated rainfall of the simulators used at the Universities Basel, La Rioja, Malaga, Trier, Tübingen, Valencia, Wageningen, Zaragoza, and at different CSIC (Spanish Scientific Research Council) institutes (Almeria, Cordoba, Granada, Murcia and Zaragoza) was measured with the same methods (Laser Precipitation Monitor for drop spectra and rain collectors for spatial distribution). Data are very beneficial for improvements of simulators and comparison of simulators and results. Furthermore, they can be used for comparative studies, e.g. with measured natural rainfall spectra. A broad range of rainfall data was measured (e.g. intensity: 37-360 mm h- 1; Christiansen Coefficient for spatial rainfall distribution: 61-98%; median volumetric drop diameter: 0.375-6.5 mm; mean kinetic energy expenditure: 25-1322 J m- 2 h- 1; mean kinetic energy per unit area and unit depth of rainfall: 0.77-50 J m- 2 mm- 1). Similarities among the simulators could be found e.g. concerning drop size distributions (maximum drop numbers are reached within the smallest drop classes < 1 mm) and low fall velocities of bigger drops due to a general physical restriction. The comparison represents a good data-base for improvements and provides a consistent picture of the different parameters of the simulators that were tested. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.